A devastating incident in Kerala has claimed the life of a 14-year-old boy, marking the third fatality from primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM) in the state since May. This rare and aggressive brain infection, caused by the “brain-eating amoeba” Naegleria fowleri, has raised concerns about the safety of recreational water bodies in the region.
Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis (PAM): A Rare but Lethal Threat
PAM is a devastating neurological infection caused by Naegleria fowleri, a single-celled organism that thrives in warm freshwater environments such as lakes, rivers, and poorly maintained swimming pools. The amoeba enters the human body through the nose during water activities like swimming or diving, subsequently traveling to the brain and causing inflammation and tissue destruction.
Tracing the Source and Symptoms
The recent fatality in Kerala was traced to a small pond where the boy had been swimming. This alarming incident highlights the need for increased vigilance and preventive measures to ensure the safety of recreational water sources.
Early symptoms of PAM include headache, fever, nausea, and vomiting. As the infection progresses, individuals may experience a stiff neck, confusion, seizures, hallucinations, and eventually lapse into a coma. Sadly, the disease often proves fatal within days of the onset of symptoms.
The Challenge of Treatment
There is currently no definitive treatment for PAM. While doctors employ a combination of drugs, including amphotericin B, azithromycin, fluconazole, rifampin, miltefosine, and dexamethasone, their effectiveness remains inconsistent. The rapid progression of the disease often leaves little time for effective intervention.
Preventive Measures and Public Awareness
To mitigate the risk of PAM, health authorities emphasize the importance of avoiding swimming or diving in warm freshwater bodies, especially during periods of high temperatures. Additionally, proper maintenance of swimming pools and other recreational water facilities is crucial to minimize the presence of Naegleria fowleri.
Public awareness campaigns play a vital role in educating communities about the risks associated with PAM and the precautions necessary to safeguard against this rare but deadly infection. By promoting responsible water practices and raising awareness about early symptoms, it is possible to protect individuals from the devastating consequences of this brain-eating amoeba.
Soumya Smruti Sahoo is a seasoned journalist with extensive experience in both international and Indian news writing. With a sharp analytical mind and a dedication to uncovering the truth, Soumya has built a reputation for delivering in-depth, well-researched articles that provide readers with a clear understanding of complex global and domestic issues. Her work reflects a deep commitment to journalistic integrity, making her a trusted source for accurate and insightful news coverage.
